I think the judges totally played a medal for Russia by placing Julia ahead of Mao. This means that if Adelina had bombed, Russia would have gotten at least Bronze. But since Adelina skated great, the judges went all the way.
The judges don't have that much ability to determine where skaters place. Julia had a 10 point advantage on Mao after the short program. Unless they were human computers and mind-readers, they wouldn't have known how the individual marks would add up for Julia versus Mao. Also, is anyone suggesting they all agreed in advance to bump up Adelina's (or Julia's) scores? Wouldn't they all, or at least most, have to do that, since some of the scores are thrown out, both randomly and by high/low? I do think Adelina's PCS was higher than she deserved, but she did sell her program well and that does have an effect. In some ways this is a lot like Tara Lipinski's win in 1998, when her presentation scores were the same as Michelle's. And also like 1998, Adelina had harder technical content than Yuna. It might not be the result I would have wanted, but it is not inexplicable.