
Originally Posted by
Mathman
About the Egyptians, I think it is a stretch of the evidence to conjecture that they knew or cared anything about the golden ratio. Thousands of documents have been preserved from dynastic times, but only four have any real mathematical content, the most famous being the Ahmose, or Rhind, papyrus.
The relative dimensions of the pyramids were determined by a ratio called the seked -- what we know call the cotangent. The great pyramids had a seked of either five palms one finger or five palms two fingers. This means that the pyramid rises one royal cubit in height for every 5.25 or 5.5 palms in horizontal distance.
A royal cubit was 7 palms, so this gives a raio of 7/5.25 = 1.333 -- somewhat smaller than the golden ratio (sqrt(5)+1)/2 = 1.618.
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