I'm not familiar with how the GP assignments work. Could they have given Gracie just 1 GP slot instead of 2? Or it is completely based on rankings?
There is no "they." There are separate countries who host separate GP events and offer their own invitations to athletes for their own GP events. It's complicated so get ready.
All host countries have an immediate three spots for their home event. They can throw a spot back into the pool if they don't have athletes to fill it. They can label them TBA and wait to decide who will attend. Or they can fill them all right off the bat. This happens first.
Gracie wasn't selected for her home event, Skate America. USFSA/Skate America selected Karen, Ashley, and left one spot on the table. These are the only three U.S. ladies' spots USFSA has control over. Once each country has filled their host spots or labeled them TBA or thrown them back in the pool, the process moves on to the next step. Each host country begins to invite/select athletes from other countries to fill the remaining spots.
Representatives from each host country meet in order to select those athletes. There is a draw for the selection so that the host representatives know which country will go first, second, third, etc. in selecting the athletes for their event.
A certain number of athletes have
guaranteed GP spots, which they have earned. There are three ways for an athlete to earn a guaranteed spot. 1. Finish top 10 at Worlds. These are the only athletes that have two guaranteed spots. 2. Finish top 24 on the Season's Best list. 3. Finish top 24 in the World Standings. Athletes earn one guaranteed GP invitation by meeting the requirements on #2 or #3. It doesn't matter if they are top 24 on one list or two. They can only earn one guaranteed spot this way.
Gracie's season's best last year was #32. Not high enough to guarantee a spot. But her World Standing is #16.
Here:
http://www.isuresults.com/ws/ws/wsladies.htm
World Standings are based on an athlete's record over the course of the past two seasons, plus the current season. Gracie earned one guaranteed spot this way. (The girls who are not on the GP invitation lists did not earn any guaranteed spots, either via the SB list or the World Standings list).
Back to the selection process. Host countries invite all the athletes that are guaranteed the two spots first. Then they invite all the athletes that are guaranteed one spot.
But there are more GP spots than that. Now host countries get to fill any remaining empty spots at their event with more invitations. They can invite athletes with 1 GP spot to another event or they can invite athletes who have not been invited yet. Typically speaking they invite athletes that are ranked high up on the Season's Best and World Standings lists. They are supposed to invite athletes that have met the GP minimum scores. But they have leeway. They can trade spots with other hosts. They can invite athletes who are well known & will help them sell tickets. They can invite foreign athletes who train in their country under local coaches. They can choose
not to invite athletes who they feel might defeat their own home-country athletes. When all the spots are full, the spots are full.
So, yes, Gracie could have only received one invite. But she checks a lot of boxes that made two invites very likely for her. She finished high enough on the SB list to be a likely candidate. I could be wrong, but I believe everyone above her on that list also received two invitations. She finished above the other U.S. girls that did not receive invites, which meant USFSA was likely to support her selection. She is well known internationally, and audience members buy tickets in order to watch her.
So she was invited to a second GP, and there is absolutely nothing surprising about it. She earned the first spot via her world ranking results. She made herself a likely candidate for the second spot via her SB score last season and her strong results prior.
GP spots are determined by previous results, not by any skater's current level of readiness for that level of competition.
This is true. Though there is a readiness requirement in order to remain in the U.S.'s international selection pool. If an athlete is deemed not to fulfill this requirement, he/she/they could technically be removed from the international selection pool (ISP).